Fibroma desmoplásico, reporte de un caso y revisión de la literatura

ResumenEl fibroma desmoplásico es una lesión neoplásica relativamente rara. Se considera un tumor primario de hueso, que se presenta comúnmente en la región mandibular. Se define como un tumor benigno caracterizado por la formación de abundante matriz y fibras colágenas. En marzo de 2004 se presenta el caso de un paciente de 15 años, varón, con aumento gradual en la región derecha de la mandíbula de 4 meses de evolución. Se manifiesta asintomático, con aumento de volumen, con una apariencia radiográfica y tomográfica bien delimitada radiolúcida. A la exploración se observa un infiltrado a través de la cortical lingual. La lesión es similar a las descritas en la literatura de fibroma desmoplásico.AbstractDesmoplastic fibroma (fibromatosis) is rarely seen a primary tumor of bone. Its occurrence as a central lesion in the jaws is even more uncommon. It is rare tumor of bone, especially in the mandibule. In march 2004, a 15 year-old boy presented, with a 4 month history of gradual enlargement of the right mandibule. Painless intraoral and extraoral swelling, the cortical plate of bone overlying the lesions is expanded with thinning, erosion, and infiltration into the surrounding tissues. The lesion is similar to the one described on the articule

Genetic algorithm methodology for the estimation of generated power and harmonic content in photovoltaic generation

Producción CientíficaRenewable generation sources like photovoltaic plants are weather dependent and it is hard to predict their behavior. This work proposes a methodology for obtaining a parameterized model that estimates the generated power in a photovoltaic generation system. The proposed methodology uses a genetic algorithm to obtain the mathematical model that best fits the behavior of the generated power through the day. Additionally, using the same methodology, a mathematical model is developed for harmonic distortion estimation that allows one to predict the produced power and its quality. Experimentation is performed using real signals from a photovoltaic system. Eight days from different seasons of the year are selected considering different irradiance conditions to assess the performance of the methodology under different environmental and electrical conditions. The proposed methodology is compared with an artificial neural network, with the results showing an improved performance when using the genetic algorithm methodology.CONACYT (scholarship 415315)FOFI –UAQ 2018 (project FIN201812)PRODEP (project UAQ-PTC-385

Gut-Brain Axis: Role of Microbiota in Parkinson’s Disease and Multiple Sclerosis

It has recently been discovered that the digestive tract is lined with about 100 million nerve cells; the digestive tract has been baptized, metaphorically speaking, as “the second brain,” which contains a multitude of neurotransmitters, viruses, and bacteria that help regulate our emotional state. This second brain, known as the enteric nervous system, is a unique anatomical unit that extends from the esophagus to the anus. Like the nervous system, it produces a whole series of psychoactive substances, such as serotonin, dopamine, and opioids for pain, and synthesizes benzodiazepines. In it, we find the microbiota: a set of microorganisms (viruses and bacteria). Together with the brain, the microbiota directly influences mood, character, or sleep. Knowledge about the possible relationship of the microbiota with frequent neurological diseases is still just beginning. Recently, possible changes in the microbiota have been linked to the onset of Parkinson’s disease (PD). Also, today, we know that there are differences between the microbiota of healthy people and people with multiple sclerosis and that these differences have also been related to the disease and its evolution

Oxidative Stress and Parkinson’s Disease: Effects on Environmental Toxicology

Epidemiological studies have found an increased risk of Parkinson’s disease (PD) with environmental factors such as exposure to substances derived from industrial processes, use of agrochemicals, or living in a rural environment. The hypothesis that certain environmental toxins could be the source of the EP is supported by the discovery that chemicals such as herbicides paraquat, diquat, and the fungicide maneb are selectively toxic in nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurons. Also, one of the insecticides produced by plants, such as rotenone, and by-product of the synthesis of synthetic heroin MPTP (1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine) can be reproduced in animal models where neurochemicals, histopathological, and clinical characteristic of PD can be found. Interestingly, there are similarities in the chemical structure of paraquat and MPTP. Recent evidence exhibited that inflammation and oxidative stress play an essential role in the development of PD. So, in our laboratory we found that in an animal model melatonin decreases the products of lipid oxidation, nitric oxide metabolites, and the activity of cyclooxygenase 2, which are induced by an intraperitoneal injection of MPTP. This suggests that the neuroprotective effects of melatonin are partially attributed to its antioxidant scavenging and anti-inflammatory action

Energy potential of native shrub species in northern Spain

This paper we present an energy review of the waste generated by shrub species in soils of low fertility for use as fuel in a power plant. The residues analysed belong to the species: Rhamus alaternus, Ulex europaeus, Prunus spinosa, Smilax aspera, Erica sp., Rubus ulmifolius, and Pteridium aquilinum. Gross calorific value (GCV), net calorific value (NCV), density, elementary chemical analysis, moisture content, percentage of ash, productivity, energy density and FVI (fuel value index) have been measured. These parameters have been determined for three levels of moisture (maximum, medium and minimum). At medium moisture level, the residues of U. europaeus are those that reach the greatest FVI, 20,000. In the other extreme is the P. aquilinum with an FVI of 403. The average productivity of waste, in t ha 1, of each species has been determined in order to know how much energy is stored per hectare. U. europaeus and P. spinosa are the species which accumulate more energy per hectare, with similar values of around 81 MJ ha 1 yr 1 and installed power of 2.59Wha 1. The energy recovery of the waste in a thermal power plant would generate an annual revenue of 14.6 MV, taking into account that 40% of the forest land covered by shrub in Cantabria is used for this purpose

Nanomechanical Phenotypes in Cardiac Myosin-Binding Protein C Mutants That Cause Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy.

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a disease of the myocardium caused by mutations in sarcomeric proteins with mechanical roles, such as the molecular motor myosin. Around half of the HCM-causing genetic variants target contraction modulator cardiac myosin-binding protein C (cMyBP-C), although the underlying pathogenic mechanisms remain unclear since many of these mutations cause no alterations in protein structure and stability. As an alternative pathomechanism, here we have examined whether pathogenic mutations perturb the nanomechanics of cMyBP-C, which would compromise its modulatory mechanical tethers across sliding actomyosin filaments. Using single-molecule atomic force spectroscopy, we have quantified mechanical folding and unfolding transitions in cMyBP-C domains targeted by HCM mutations that do not induce RNA splicing alterations or protein thermodynamic destabilization. Our results show that domains containing mutation R495W are mechanically weaker than wild-type at forces below 40 pN and that R502Q mutant domains fold faster than wild-type. None of these alterations are found in control, nonpathogenic variants, suggesting that nanomechanical phenotypes induced by pathogenic cMyBP-C mutations contribute to HCM development. We propose that mutation-induced nanomechanical alterations may be common in mechanical proteins involved in human pathologies.J.A.C. acknowledges funding from the Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (MCIN) through grants BIO2014– 54768-P, BIO2017–83640-P (AEI/FEDER, UE), EIN2019–102966, RYC-2014–16604, and BFU2017–90692­ REDT, the European Research Area Network on Cardiovascular Diseases (ERA-CVD/ISCIII, MINOTAUR, AC16/00045), and the Comunidad de Madrid (consortium Tec4Bio-CM, S2018/NMT-4443, FEDER). This work was supported by NIH grants RM1 GM33289 and HL117138 to J.A.S.; a Stanford Dean’s Postdoctoral Fellowship to D.P. and N.N.; and a Stanford Maternal and Child Health Research Institute (MCHRI) Postdoctoral Fellowship (1220552–140-DHPEU) to N.N. Financial support to D.D.S. comes from Eusko Jaurlaritza (Basque Government) through the project IT1254–19, and grants RYC-2016–19590 and PGC2018–099321-B-I00 from the MCIN (FEDER). The CNIC is supported by the Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), MCIN, and the Pro CNIC Foundation and was a Severo Ochoa Center of Excellence (SEV-2015–0505). We acknowledge funding from ISCIII to the Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBERCV), CB16/11/00425. C.S.C. is the recipient of an FPI-SO predoctoral fellowship, BES-2016–076638. M.R.P. was the recipient of a Ph.D. fellowship from the Italian Ministry of Education, Universities and Research (MIUR). C.P.L. was a recipient of a CNIC Master Fellowship. We thank N. Vicente for excellent technical support (through grant PEJ16/MED/TL-1593 from Consejería de Educación, Juventud y Deporte de la Comunidad de Madrid and the European Social Fund). We thank the Spectroscopy and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Core Unit at CNIO for access to CD instrumentation and discussion about protein binding assays. We thank A. Thompson and S. Day for their insights. We thank all members of the Molecular Mechanics of the Cardiovascular System team for helpful discussions and the contribution of five anonymous reviewers.S

Identification and Characterization of Novel Receptor-Interacting Serine/Threonine-Protein Kinase 2 Inhibitors Using Structural Similarity Analysis.

Receptor-interacting protein kinase 2 (RIP2 or RICK, herein referred to as RIPK2) is linked to the pathogen pathway that activates nuclear factor κ-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NFκB) and autophagic activation. Using molecular modeling (docking) and chemoinformatics analyses, we used the RIPK2/ponatinib crystal structure and searched in chemical databases for small molecules exerting binding interactions similar to those exerted by ponatinib. The identified RIPK2 inhibitors potently inhibited the proliferation of cancer cells by > 70% and also inhibited NFκB activity. More importantly, in vivo inhibition of intestinal and lung inflammation rodent models suggests effectiveness to resolve inflammation with low toxicity to the animals. Thus, our identified RIPK2 inhibitor may offer possible therapeutic control of inflammation in diseases such as inflammatory bowel disease, asthma, cystic fibrosis, primary sclerosing cholangitis, and pancreatitis

Impact of common cardio-metabolic risk factors on fatal and non-fatal cardiovascular disease in Latin America and the Caribbean: an individual-level pooled analysis of 31 cohort studies

Background: Estimates of the burden of cardio-metabolic risk factors in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) rely on relative risks (RRs) from non-LAC countries. Whether these RRs apply to LAC remains un- known. Methods: We pooled LAC cohorts. We estimated RRs per unit of exposure to body mass index (BMI), systolic blood pressure (SBP), fasting plasma glucose (FPG), total cholesterol (TC) and non-HDL cholesterol on fatal (31 cohorts, n = 168,287) and non-fatal (13 cohorts, n = 27,554) cardiovascular diseases, adjusting for regression dilution bias. We used these RRs and national data on mean risk factor levels to estimate the number of cardiovascular deaths attributable to non-optimal levels of each risk factor. Results: Our RRs for SBP, FPG and TC were like those observed in cohorts conducted in high-income countries; however, for BMI, our RRs were consistently smaller in people below 75 years of age. Across risk factors, we observed smaller RRs among older ages. Non-optimal SBP was responsible for the largest number of attributable cardiovascular deaths ranging from 38 per 10 0,0 0 0 women and 54 men in Peru, to 261 (Dominica, women) and 282 (Guyana, men). For non-HDL cholesterol, the lowest attributable rate was for women in Peru (21) and men in Guatemala (25), and the largest in men (158) and women (142) from Guyana. Interpretation: RRs for BMI from studies conducted in high-income countries may overestimate disease burden metrics in LAC; conversely, RRs for SBP, FPG and TC from LAC cohorts are similar to those esti- mated from cohorts in high-income countries